Mahadev Marmo versus Union of India 2009 (235) ELT 0773 (Raj.)

From :http://lawcrux.org/data4T/cl/clhigh/69597.htm

2008(09)LCX0326

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR

N.P. Gupta and Kishan Swaroop Chaudhari, JJ.

Mahadev Marmo Pvt. Ltd.

Versus

Union of India

Civil Writ No. 5078 of 2008, decided on 15-9-2008

Departmental Clarification Quoted-

DGFT Policy Circuar No. 1 (RE-2007), dated 26-7-2007 [Para 2]

DGFT Policy Circular No. 12 (RE-2008), dated 27-6-2008 [Para 3]

DGFT Policy Circular No. 13 (RE-2008), dated 30-6-2008 [Paras 1,3,4]

Advocated By -

S/Shri Dinesh Mehta, Ravi Bhansali, Rishabh Sancheti, P.S. Bhati, Ajeet Kumar Sharma and Shri Vineet Kumar Mathur,for the Appearing Parties.

[Order]. -

By this petition, the petitioner seeks to have declared illegal, arbitrary and unconstitutional, the following words in Policy Circular No. 13 (RE-2008) dt. 30-6-2008 produced with the writ petition as Annexure-4 "units who have been granted marble block import licence under previous licensing years or are eligible to avail licence in the current licensing year (2008-09) under SIL category". Other relief as claimed is, that the petitioner may be declared entitled to avail import licence under Annexure-4.


2. Necessary facts are, that according to the petitioner, in exercise of powers conferred by Section 5 of Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act, 1992, the concerned Ministry published Foreign Trade Policy 2004-2009, incorporating the provisions, relating to export and import of goods and service. Then, the Director General of Foreign Trade, New Delhi has issued annual supplement for the year 2007-08 and 2008-09, and the said Director General issued a Policy Circular No. 1 (RE-2007) dt. 26-7-2007, issuing guidelines for import of rough marble blocks/slabs for the year 2007-08, laying down the entitlement or quota of import of rough marble blocks, subject to ceiling provided therein, however, out of the said quota, individual importers were allocated their share of total quantity of import. Accordingly, the petitioner has been availing the quota. This licence was issued to the petitioner for import, under Special Import Licences (SIL). It is alleged, that till the year 2007-08, the import licences have been issued, only under SIL, and there was no policy for entrepreneurs, other than those availing licence under SIL.


3. It is then alleged, that for the year 2008-09, the Director General issued Policy Circular No. 12 dt. 27-6-2008, laying down guidelines for import of rough marble blocks for the year 2008-09, and the upper ceiling of the total import was fixed at 1.40 lacs metric ton. This Circular has been produced as Annexure-3. Then, the said Director also issued a Policy Circular No. 13 dt. 30-6-2008, in addition to the previous guidelines, according to which, units, who have been granted import licences under SIL, or who are eligible for avail licences, in the current year, under the SIL, have been excluded. It is also alleged, that quantity of licence or entitlement of licence thereunder, is in accordance with gang saw machines installed in the premises. This Circular No. 13 has been produced as Annexure-4.


4. The precise challenge, for the above relief, is on the ground, that according to Annexure-4, the eligibility is based on the criteria being, units, who have installed marble gang saw machine, and the units should have been in operation since prior to 31-3-2001, and from out of this category, 100% EOU's, units in SEZ, and units who have been granted marble block import licence under previous licensing years, or are eligible to avail licence in the current licensing year (2008-09), under SIL category, has been excluded. Then, it has also been provided, that all eligible units as above, should have indigenous sales turn over of marble slabs/tiles of Rs. 1.00 crore and above in each of three financial years 2004-05, 2005-06, 2007-08 (2006-07). According to the petitioner, exclusion of those units, who have been granted licence under SIL, or who are eligible to avail licence in the current licensing year under SIL, is highly arbitrary and contrary to Foreign Trade Policy, unjust and unwarranted, particularly in wake of the fact, that in the Policy Circular No. 13, total entitlement for import licence is 3000 metric ton marble blocks/slabs for the first gang saw machine, and 1500 metric ton for additional gang saw machine. It is contended, that once the Central Government decides to permit import of such a huge quantity, based on manufacturing capacity, exclusion of the units obtaining import licence under SIL, is highly arbitrary and illegal. It is also contended, that the Government could and should have provided an option, to be exercised by an individual entrepreneur, either to apply and avail licence under Annexure-3, or Annexure-4. It is next contended, that Annexure-4 has been issued to give benefit to the particular sect of entrepreneurs, excluding the existing licence holders, under SIL category.


5. Reply has been filed on behalf of the respondents, contending inter alia, that Annexure-4 was issued, especially to redress the grievance of the entrepreneurs, who were not given the import licence under SIL Scheme, and the petitioner, who was, and is enjoying the benefits under SIL Scheme, cannot question, when the benefit is extended to those entrepreneurs, who were not enjoying the benefit under the SIL Scheme. It is also contended, that by Annexure-4, Government has broad based licensing, by including units, which were earlier not covered under the SIL Category. The policy has been devised in consultation with the various State Governments, and the representatives of the industries. It is contended, that if the option suggested by the petitioner is provided, very purpose of broad basing the eligible entities would be defeated. It is also contended that on the same consideration, 100% EOU units, and units in SEZ, have been excluded. It is denied that there is vast difference between the maximum quantity of import, given under the import licence to the petitioner, and the quantity to which the entrepreneur may be entitled, under Annexure-4, rather the quantity 3000 metric ton is upper most ceiling, which can be allowed to importers. Thus, the apprehension of the petitioner is unfounded.


6. Rejoinder has been filed by the petitioner, reiterating the averments of the writ petition. However, additional pleadings taken therein are, that the eligibility criteria of quota, to which each unit is entitled, are different under Annexures-3 and 4, inasmuch as under Annexure-3, the unit is entitled on the basis of eligible turnover of the previous year, whereas under Annexure-4, entitlement is according to the turnover and number of gang saw machines, installed in the unit before 2001.


7. During the pendency of this petition, certain applications have been filed by individual entrepreneurs, who are covered by Annexure-4, and accordingly, applied for grant of licence under Annexure-4, so also by some of the persons, who have been granted some licences, seeking their impleadment as party respondent of the writ petition. Replies to those applications have been filed, and before proceeding with the arguments on the main writ petition, we have heard learned counsel for the applicants, and in view of the averments contained at page 50 of the paper book, being internal page 5 of the rejoinder, the applications are allowed, and all the applicants are impleaded as party respondents.


8. Thereafter, we have heard learned counsels on the merits of the matter.


9. At the outset, it may be observed that by Annexure-4, the persons like petitioner, who have been enjoying, and are availing, import licences under the SIL, have not been, altogether excluded from their entitlement to get import licence, rather they continue to remain entitled to avail the licence under the SIL. Therefore, it cannot be said, that by issuing the policy scheme Annexure-4, the persons including the petitioner have been deprived to do their business or profession, within the meaning of Article 19(1)(g).


10. Coming to the aspect of the arbitrariness, as contended, it would suffice to say, that the upper ceiling of the total import has been fixed at 1.40 lacs metric ton, under Annexure-3, and identical upper limit has been fixed separately under Annexure-4, thus they do not overlap, in the manner, that one does not take away the share of other. Then much of the apprehension of the petitioner, is based on the entitlement to obtain licence up to 3000 metric ton on one gang saw machine, and 1500 metric ton for additional gang saw machine, may be taken up. From a combined reading of Annexures-3 and 4, it would be clear, that the eligibility to get the licence to the extent of quantity of marbles, to be imported under licence, to be availed under Annexure-3, depends on the figure to be worked out, on the basis of eligible turnover for the year 2007-08 i.e. the turnover of eligible firms for the year 2006-07, or the turnover of these firms for the year 2004-05 with the cap of 10%, whichever is less. Likewise, under Annexure-4, the eligibility of the unit for getting import licence is to be pro rata, on the basis of average indigenous sales turnover of marble slabs/tiles, only in the financial years 2004-05, 2005-06 and 2006-07. Thus, inherently and basically, the entitlement to import licence for particular quantity of marbles under both Annexure-3 and 4 is, relatable to the turnover of the firm concerned. Under Annexure-3, it is relatable to eligible turnover for the relevant years with a specified cap, while under Annexure-4, it is relatable to average indigenous sales turnover of the applicant concerned. Thus, more or less, the same criterion has been applied for determining the eligibility, viz. depending on the turnover, under Annexure-3 and Annexure-4 respectively. Then so far as the limit of 3000 metric ton for one marble gang saw, and 1500 metric ton for additional gang saw is concerned, it is clear, that this is the upper most overall ceiling for each individual applicant. Significantly, under Annexure-3, no such overall ceiling has been prescribed. Obviously, with the result, that a person, falling under Annexure-3, in a given case, may even be eligible for import licence for marble, to an extent, for beyond the one permissible under Annexure-4.


11. Thus, it cannot be said, that the policy, being Annexure-4, is either arbitrary or irrational. May be, that in given individual case, for the individual entrepreneur, at a given point of time, and for given reason also, Annexure-4 may appear to be more beneficial than Annexure-3, but then, for deciding the validity of Annexure-4, that alone cannot be considered. We have to consider the two policies Annexure-3 and Annexure-4 on their own, and consider the various aspects thereof, as considered above. However with a view to satisfy our ultimate judicial conscience, we asked the rough figures, from the respondents about the number of persons having licences, or having applied under the two policy circulars, and we have been informed, that the number of persons enjoying licence under SIL, is around or less than 30, while the persons applying for, or having granted licences under Annexure-4 far exceed 100. It would suffice to observe, that the ultimate upper limit of import under Annexure-3, as well as Annexure-4, is 1.40 lacs metric ton. It is simply required to be comprehended, that on the one hand, as per Annexure 3, the total quantity 1.40 lacks metric ton is available for obtaining import licence, to the persons numbering around 30, on the other hand, same quantity of goods is available for obtaining import licence to persons, under Annexure-4, far outnumber 100. This, by itself, is enough to dispel all contentions, regarding arbitrariness, irrationality of Annexure-4.


12. The writ petition thus lacks merit, and is, therefore, dismissed summarily.

Equivalent 2009 (235) ELT 0773 (Raj.)

ACTO, ANTI EV.-I, CHITTORGARH v MS. SHRI NARAIN RAM GOPAL RAWAT - CR Case No. 1235 of 2002 [2007] RD-RJ 5217 (30 October 2007)

ACTO, ANTI EV.-I, CHITTORGARH v MS. SHRI NARAIN RAM GOPAL RAWAT - CR Case No. 1235 of 2002 [2007] RD-RJ 5217 (30 October 2007)

S.B. Civil (ST) Revision No.1235/2002

ACTO, Chittorgarh vs

M/s. Shri Narayan Ram Gopal Rawat, Dausa

Date of order : 30.10.2007

HON'BLE MR. PRAKASH TATIA, J.

Mr.VK Mathur ]

Mr.Rishabh Sancheti ], for the petitioner.

Heard learned counsel for the petitioner as nobody appeared on behalf of the respondent despite service.

Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the controversy is squarely covered by the judgment of the Hon'ble Apex Court delivered in the case of

Guljag Industries Vs. Commercial Taxes Officer reported in (2007) 7 SCC 269.

In view of the above, revision petition deserves to be allowed, hence, allowed. The order of the Tax

Board dated 6th March, 2002 as well as the order of the Dy. Commissioner (Appeal), Commercial Taxes,

Jaipur dated 8th July, 1999 are set aside.

(PRAKASH TATIA), J. c.p.goyal/-

Daily Excelsior

12th Stetson Environment Moot Court competition
Preliminary, quarterfinal rounds held on second day

Excelsior Correspondent

JAMMU, Sept 29: In the ongoing 12th Stetson Environmental Moot Court competition being held at University of Jammu (JU), the first two rounds of preliminary Moot Court sessions followed by quarter-final rounds were held today.

All the participants remained busy and absorbed during the first two rounds of preliminary sessions. Those who conducted the preliminary Moot Court benches included D S Chauhan, Sindhu Sharma, Shaikh Shakeel, Shaista Hakim, Wasim Nargal, Sabina Saleem, Raman Sharma, Rishab Sancheti, S K Shukla, Jasmeet Egan, Abhinav Sharma, Lisbeth Lanvers, Suresh Sharma, Aude Shiron, Ajay Sharma, Ajay Gulati, Stephanie Corbiere, Sabina Saleem and KS Johal.

In all, eight teams out of the total 24 qualified for quarter-finals through preliminary rounds. The panel of judges who conducted the quarter final round included B S Salathia, Kamal Saini, Jasmeet Egan, P N Raina, Vinod Gupta, Siddharth Gupta, Seema Shekhar, Ajay Gulati, Rishabh Sancheti, Subhash Bhat, Shakti Gupta and Lisbeth Lanvers.

The semifinal and final bench hearings of the competition will be held tomorrow in Zorawar Singh Auditorium, JU.

Union of India versus Amit Kumar Maheshwari

From: http://www.taxmann.net/Datafolder/flash/flashjud28012009_2.htm


HIGH COURT OF RAJASTHAN, JODHPUR BENCH

Union of India

v.

Amit Kumar Maheshwari

N.P. GUPTA AND KISHAN SWAROOP CHAUDHARI, JJ.

CENTRAL EXCISE APPEAL NOS. 70 & 74 OF 2006 AND 3, 26 & 54 OF 2007

DECEMBER 8, 2008

Section 80 of the Finance Act, 1994, read with section 37B of the Central Excise Act, 1944 - Penalty - Not to be imposed in certain cases - Whether Extraordinary Taxpayer Friendly Scheme issued vide D.O.F. No. 137/39/2004-CX-4 dated 20-9-2004 cannot be said to be statutory notification issued in exercise of power under section 37B and was only an administrative instruction issued to provide benefit to persons who had earlier failed to register themselves with department - Held, yes - Whether in view of above scheme, even if a person comes forward to apply for registration, and pays all arrears of tax and interest, before cut off date, i.e., 30-10-2004, he is conferred immunity from any sort of penalty - Held, yes - Whether, therefore, in that view of matter it cannot be said, that such immunity should be denied to person who had already got himself registered before promulgation of that Scheme - Held, yes [Paras 8, 9 & 42]

Circulars & Notifications : Government of India, Ministry of Finance D.O.F. No. 137/39/2004-CX4, dated 20-9-2004

Facts

The CBEC through Circular dated 20-9-2004 issued an amnesty scheme. The assessees were registered before promulgation of that scheme. They deposited their tax amount along with interest before expiry of the period provided in the aforesaid Amnesty Scheme, being 30-10-2004. However, penalty proceedings were initiated against the assessees. When the matters came before the Tribunal, it held that the assessees were entitled to the benefit of the scheme and, thus, the penalty imposed was set aside.

On appeal :

Held

There was no scheme, rather it was only a communication in the form of D.O. letter, from the Government of India, Ministry of Finance, Department of Revenue, Central Board of Excise and Customs, addressed to the Chief Commissioners, and enclose therewith certain proformas of application for registration, acknowledgement and declaration. [Para 7]

If the said scheme, or the communication dated 20-9-2004 is read in conjunction with section 37B, it is clear that same is not covered by section 37B. The communication emanated from the Hon’ble Finance Minister, who had launched extraordinary taxpayer friendly scheme, while section 37B does not envisage launching of any such scheme, rather it comprehends powers of the Board (Central Board of Excise and Customs) wherever it considers it necessary or expedient so to do, for the purpose of uniformity in the classification of excisable goods, or with respect to levy of duties of excise on such goods, issue such orders, instructions and directions. In addressing communication dated 20-9-2004 the Central Excise Board had not even purported to consider any expediency or necessity, for the purpose of uniformity with respect to levy of duties of excise on such goods, to issue such orders, instructions and directions. Simply because the desire of the Hon’ble Finance Minister was published through conduit pipe of the Central Excise Board, it did not have the effect of clothing it with statutory powers, or to attach to it statutory efficacy available consequent upon section 37 and section 37B. Thus, it could not be said to be statutory notification, issued in exercise of powers under section 37B. [Para 8]

It was only an administrative instruction, issued by the Hon’ble Finance Minister, purportedly, to provide benefit to the persons, who earlier failed to register themselves with the department, and in substance was intended to cast the net of service tax wider and wider, and in order to augment the revenue, the concessions provided in the communication were sought to be thrown open. Obviously, therefore, the communication had to be read, interpreted, understood, and appreciated, with this spirit, viz., to provide benefit to the defaulters on the one hand, and to cast the net of service tax wider and wider, so also to augment the revenue, on the other hand. [Para 9]

With this preface, it might also be noticed that the term ‘Scheme’ as such has very many parameters to be complied with, while in the present case the communication simply conveyed launching of some extraordinary taxpayer friendly scheme, and no such scheme had seen the light of the day, except that communication, which only enclosed therewith certain proformas. As such it could not be said to be any ‘Scheme’, in true sense of the term. [Para 10]

It is the consistently established legal position, laid down by various Tribunals of the country, that in those cases, where the assessee was registered even before the commencement of the Amnesty Scheme, and had paid all dues of tax and interest before the cut off date given in the scheme, being 30-10-2004, he would be entitled to the benefit of the Amnesty Scheme. And, therefore, there was no occasion for instant High Court to unsettle the settled position, and now gave rise to upheaval, to generate litigation, even in the matters, which stood closed. [Para 38]

Even if the matter on merits was considered the communication dated 20-9-2004 was only an administrative instruction issued for the benefit of the service providers, who volunteered to get themselves registered, and had discharged all their liabilities of tax and interest, up to the cut off date, for providing immunity from penalty. That was beneficial part of the instruction for the service providers, while it was sought to be beneficial to the State, i.e. the revenue, viz., it was intended to cast the net of the service tax wider and wider, and to augment the revenue. Thus, the instruction was calculated with the motive to benefit both sides, the service provider as well as the revenue, and as such, was not a taxing statute. Therefore, it was required to be implemented in the manner, which was not discriminatory, and which was reasonable, obviously to both the parties. [Para 39]

If considered from that stand point, when the person who has not got registered till issuance of the communication, if is intended to be given the benefit of immunity from penalty, the person who has already got himself registered, and is in the default of payment of interest or tax, cannot be denied the immunity from penalty, provided of course, he strictly complies with the requirement of the communication, with regard to deposit of the amount, positively before the cut off date. [Para 40]

The communication was of 20-9-2004. In some judgments it had been referred to as 22-9-2004, while in some judgments it had been referred to as 23-9-2004. There might be a controversy, as to what was the starting point of the scheme, i.e., 20-9-2004 or 23-9-2004, or from the date the person concerned came in knowledge of it. The significance of that confusion was that if the interpretation sought to be projected by the revenue was taken, and if it was considered that the scheme commenced on 23-9-2004, then even the person, who might have got himself registered on 21-9-2004, and happened to be defaulter, would have to be denied the benefit of immunity, or even the person who got himself registered on 22-9-2004, and was a defaulter, would have to be denied the benefit of immunity, while on the other hand if it was taken to have commenced on 20-9-2004, then such person would get the benefit of immunity. Thus, the person even without knowledge of the scheme may have got himself registered on 21-9-2004, and would be in dilemma as to whether he was to get benefit of the immunity or not, such interpretation could not be put on the Amnesty Scheme. Obviously the communication dated 20-9-2004 did not prescribe the precise starting point of time of the scheme. [Para 41]

Carrying the things further logically, if the scheme was taken to have commenced on 20-9-2004, then the benefit was available to the person who gets himself registered on 20-9-2004, despite being defaulter for any length of time. The benefit could not be denied to a person who may be merely technically defaulter, and who in good sense, thought it proper to get himself registered on 19-9-2004 itself, and did not allow his default to continue for one more day. The interpretation sought to be projected by the revenue did not, thus, stand the scrutiny. On the other hand, a proper reading of the communication only showed that it was intended to provide immunity to the defaulters, who chose to deposit the arrears of tax and interest by the cut off date, and obviously, since for payment or deposit of the amount, the formalities of registration and declaration were necessary, the forms had been enclosed with the communication, and it had been directed that the declaration would be accepted, and they would be given spot registration without any sort of questions. Much of the stress laid on the requirement of submitting declaration could not be accepted for the simple reason that the forms were prescribed under the relevant Rules of Service Tax itself, the Application Form being ST-1, Acknowledgement also forming part of the same form. So far declaration proforma was concerned, if it were to be read, it would show that it was only in the nature of forwarding letter of the application for registration, and nothing beyond that. Thus, all that this so-called scheme meant was that even if a person came forward to apply for registration, and had paid all arrears of tax and interest, before cut off date, he was conferred with immunity from any sort of penalty. In that view of the matter, it cannot be said that the immunity should be denied to the person who had already got himself registered. [Para 42]

It was clearly mentioned that the scheme aimed to register all service providers on the basis of declaration, and with this, with conjunctive words ‘and who had earlier failed to register themselves’. The words ‘having earlier failed to register’ cannot be confined to mean earlier to 20-9-2004, or 23-9-2004, but are required to mean, or construed to mean, ‘who failed to register at appropriate time as required by the Act’. [Para 43]

Thus, considering the matter from any aspect whatever the view taken in CCE v. Mankodi Enterprises [2006] 3 STT 397 (Delhi - CESTAT) and Pankaj Oil Trading Corpn. v. CCE [2007] 9 STT 211 (New Delhi - CESTAT) could not be accepted, and the view taken in all other cases relied on by the assessees were required to be accepted. It was to be held, that the benefit of the circular dated 20-9-2004, did very much cover the case of the present assessees, as well. [Para 44]

Case review

Tele Tech Communication v. CCE [MANU/CE/8215/2007, dated 4-6-2007], Laxmichand Dharshi v. CCE [MANU/CM/7027/2006, dated 17-10-2006], AR.Sandeep C. Sikchi v. CCE [MANU/CM/353/2006, dated 4-9-2006], Arc. Dinesh Burad v. CCE & C [2008] 12 STT 47 (Mum. - CESTAT), CCE v. R.S. Vora [MANU/CM/334/2008, dated 27-6-2008], Care Electronics Ltd. v. CCE [2007] 10 STT 91 (Ahd. - CESTAT), CCE v. Kamlesh Kumar Agrawal [2008] 15 STT 490 (New Delhi - CESTAT), CCE v. R.K. Electronic Cable Network [2006] 3 STT 418 (New Delhi - CESTAT), Jay Security Services v. CC, CE & ST [2008] 15 STT 500 (Ahd. - CESTAT) and CCE v. Bharat Security Services & Worker’s Cont. [2007] 7 STT 13 (New Delhi - CESTAT) approved (para 44)

Pankaj Oil Trading Corpn. v. CCE [2007] 9 STT 211 (New Delhi - CESTAT) and CCE v. Mankodi Enterprises [2006] 3 STT 397 (New Delhi - CESTAT) disapproved (para 44).

Cases referred to

CCE v. Bharat Security Services & Worker’s Cont. [2007] 7 STT 13 (New Delhi - CESTAT) (para 4), Amit Kumar Maheshwari v. CCE [2006] 4 STT 303 (New Delhi - CESTAT) (para 4), CST v. Parson Tools & Plants AIR 1975 SC 1039 (para 12), Bharti Telecom Ltd. v. Commissioner of Customs AIR 2002 SC 74 (para 13), Union of India v. Wood Papers Ltd. [1990] 4 SCC 256 (para 15), CIT v. Modi Spg. & Wvg. Mills Co. Ltd. [1990] 53 Taxman 584 (SC) (para 16), Tele Tech Communication v. CCE [MANU/CE/8215/2007, dated 4-6-2007] (para 19), Laxmichand Dharshi v. CCE [2007] 7 STT 79 (Mum. - CESTAT) (para 20), AR. Sandeep C. Sikchi v. CCE [MANU/CM/353/2006, dated 4-9-2006] (para 21), Arc. Dinesh Burad v. CCE & C [2008] 12 STT 47 (Mum. - CESTAT) (para 22), CCE v. R.S. Vora [MANU/CM/334/2008, dated 27-6-2008] (para 23), Care Electronics Ltd. v. CCE [2007] 10 STT 91 (Ahd. - CESTAT) (para 24), CCE v. Kamlesh Kumar Agrawal [2008] 15 STT 490 (New Delhi - CESTAT) (para 25), CCE v. R.K. Electronic Cable Network [2006] 3 STT 418 (New Delhi - CESTAT) (para 26), Jay Security Services v. CC, CE & ST [2008] 15 STT 500 (Ahd. - CESTAT) (para 27), CCE v. Mankodi Enterprises [2006] 3 STT 397 (New Delhi - CESTAT) (para 27), Pankaj Oil Trading Corpn. v. CCE [2007] 9 STT 211 (New Delhi - CESTAT) (para 27), Soldiers Industrial Security Agencies v. CCE & C [2008] 12 STT 254 (Mum. - CESTAT) (para 27), CCE v. Industrial Army [2008] 16 STT 341 (New Delhi - CESTAT) (para 29) and C.K. Gangadharan v. CIT [2008] 172 Taxman 87 (SC) (para 37).

V.K. Mathur and Rishabh Sancheti for the Appellant. Vikas Balia and Tribhuvan Gupta for the Respondent.

Understanding Common Law Legislation Drafting and Interpretation F.A.R. Bennion

mutatis mutandis from: http://ukcatalogue.oup.com/product/9780199247776.do


Understanding Common Law Legislation
Drafting and Interpretation
F.A.R. Bennion
237 pages | 216x138mm
978-0-19-924777-6 | Hardback | 18 October 2001
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• Written by the leading authority on statutory interpretation - his text of that name is the practitioner bible
• Explains the system of interpretation common to British, Commonwealth, and United States legislation under the common law
• Shows how the traditional method of statutory interpretation interlocks with the new system under the Human Rights Act (1998)
• Describes for students and legal practitioners the way to interpret British, Commonwealth, and United States legislation
There are many countries that use and apply the common law, which collectively may be called the common law world. A feature of this world is that nowadays it largely operates through statutes enacted by a country's democratic legislature, and that these mainly fall to be construed according to a uniform system of rules, presumptions, principles and canons evolved over centuries by common law judges. The statutes subject to this interpretative regime may be called common law statutes. They are the main subject of this book, along with the said uniform system. The book distills and updates within a brief compass the author's published writings on statute law and statutory interpretation which span a period of nearly forty years, being contained in half a dozen books and many more articles. The chief books are Statute Law (Longman, third edition 1990), Halsbury's Laws of England, Title Statutes (Butterworths, 4th edition reissue 1995), and Bennion on Statutory Interpretation (LexisNexis Butterworths, fifth edition 2008). Since its first publication in 1984, the last named work has also been updated each year in the All England Law Reports Annual Review (Butterworths).
Readership: Scholars and students of common law and constitutional law; constitutional lawyers; parliamentarians; judiciary; practitioners.

F.A.R. Bennion, Member of the Oxford University Law Faculty

"Francis Bennion brings with him years of experience in legislative drafting ... The treatment is uniformly illuminating, and the style is homely." - The Commonwealth Lawyer
"Readers who have come to expect a degree of iconoclasm from Francis Bennion will not be disappointed. he includes the occasional throwaway line which reverberates. All this serves only to increase the pleasure of reading the book: it never affects the careful objectivity which Bennion brings to bear on his subject." - Law Quarterly Review Vol. 118, July 2002
"... fascinating and entertaining ... The text is clear and accessible, enlivened by examples and enhanced by chapter summaries." - New Law Journal, 8 Feb 2002
"For Bennion: "Legislation is what the legislator says it is. The meaning of legislation is what the court says it is"...A major difference in craft, which Bennion highlights, lies in the drafting style of legislation in the common law...the issues of differences in drafting may be less of a problem in relation to legal interpretation and be more of a matter concerning what Bennion helpfully describes as "law management"-the techniques of dealing with statutory materials. In terms of "learning the craft of law", techniques of law management may be more significant than techniques of legal interpretation. Bennion's work is at its clearest in describing the procedures to be followed for processing an enactment...As he suggests, the process of understanding and compiling a statute depends on understanding how it was drafted in the first place..." - Professor John Bell, Legal Studies, Vol. 22 No. 3, September 2002
"This book lays down most lucidly the fundamentals of common law legislation, the drafting techniques and the interpretation principles. In his voluminous treatise on Interpretation, Bennion has seminally carved out new spheres of interpretative jurisprudence and this book could be said to be a prologue to the main treatise. It proved very useful in the course on Interpretation as not many books give the jurisprudential foundations of interpretation principles which it does." - Rishabh Sancheti, Rishabh Sancheti, Advocate
European Master in Law and Economics.
Erasmus Mundus Scholar.
LL.M., Universität Hamburg.
Diploma di Master Universitario di I livello in Law and Economics, Universita Degli Studi Di Bologna.
LL.M., Universität Wien.
B.B.A.-LL.B. (Honors) (Cum Laude), National Law University, India.

"[This book] not only makes a good reading on understanding common law legislation but also delves into 'global techniques' of interpretation of statutes. It also offers a blue print of law curriculum on interpretation of statutes." - K. I. Vibhute, Scholastcus, January 2004
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2009 (233) ELT 0311 (Raj.) 2009 (013) STR 0119 (Raj.) 2009 (090) RLT 0761 (Raj.)

from : http://lawcrux.org/data4T/cl/clhigh/68647.htm

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE FOR RAJASTHAN AT JODHPUR
N.P. Gupta and Kishan Swaroop Chaudhari, JJ.
Union of India
Versus
Amit Kumar Maheshwari
Central Excise Appeal Nos. 74 and 70 of 2006, 3, 26 and 54 of 2007, decided on 8-12-2008
Cases Quoted -
Amit Kumar Maheshwari v. Commissioner - 2006(02)LCX0134 Eq 2006 (002) STR 0506 (Tribunal) - Approved [Paras 4,18,19,31)

Arc. Dinesh Burad v. Commissioner - 2007(05)LCX0407 Eq 2008 (011) STR 0250 (Tribunal) - Approved [Para 23]

A.R. Sandeep C. Sikchi v. Commissioner - 2006(09)LCX0148 Eq 2006 (004) STR 0587 (Tribunal) - Approved [Para 22]

Bharti Telecom Ltd. v. Commissioner - 2001(11)LCX0012 Eq 2001 (134) ELT 0327 (S.C.) - Noted [Para 14]

Bohra Pratisthan Pvt. Ltd. v. Commissioner - 2006(12)LCX0267 Eq 2007 (008) STR 0278 (Tribunal) - Approved [Para 39]

Care Electronics Ltd. v. Commissioner - 2007(03)LCX0246 Eq 2007 (007) STR 0273 (Tribunal) - Approved [Para 25]

CIT, Delhi v. Modi Spinning and Weaving Mills Co. Ltd. -1992 Suppl (1) SCC 32 - Distinguished [Para 17]

C.K. Gangadharan v. Commissioner - 2008(07)LCX0024 Eq 2008 (228) ELT 0497 (S.C.) - Noted [Paras 39,40]

Commissioner v. Bharat Security Services and Worker's Contractor - 2005(06)LCX0114 Eq 2005 (188) ELT 0454 (Tribunal) = 2005(06)LCX0114 Eq 2006 (003) STR 0703 (Tribunal) Approved [Paras 4,18,19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 28, 29, 31, 37]

Commissioner v. Industrial Army - 2006(02)LCX0184 Eq 2006 (003) STR 0526 (Tribunal) - Approved [Para 31]

Commissioner v. Kamlesh Kumar Agrawal - 2006(02)LCX0183 Eq 2006 (004) STR 0205 (Tribunal) - Approved [Paras 26,28]

Commissioner v. Mankodi Enterprises - 2005(12)LCX0104 Eq 2006 (002) STR 0150 (Tribunal) - Overruled [Paras 29, 30, 31, 32, 36, 37, 38, 46]

Commissioner v. R.K. Electronic Cable Network - 2006(01)LCX0138 Eq 2006 (002) STR 0153 (Tribunal) - Approved [Para 28]

Commissioner v. R.S. Vora - CESTAT Order dated 27-6-2008 - Approved [Para 24]

Commissioner of Sales Tax, U.P., Lucknow v. Parson Tools and Plants - AIR 1975 SC 1039 - Noted [Para 13]

Jay Security Services v. Commissioner - 2008(02)LCX0031 Eq 2008 (010) STR 0602 (Tribunal) - Approved [Paras 29,30,32]

Laxmichand Dharshi v. Commissioner - 2006(10)LCX0114 Eq 2007 (005) STR 0128 (Tribunal) - Approved [Para 21]

Pankaj Oil Trading Corporation v. Commissioner - 2006(11)LCX0174 Eq 2007 (006) STR 0044 (Tribunal) - Overruled [Paras 29, 30, 31, 32, 36, 37, 38, 46]

Soldiers Industrial Security Agencies v. Commissioner - 2007(03)LCX0249 Eq 2007 (007) STR 0283 (Tribunal) - Approved [Para 29]

Tele Tech Communications v. Commissioner - 2007(06)LCX0076 Eq 2007 (007) STR 0695 (Tribunal) - Approved [Para 20]

Union of India v. Wood Papers Ltd. -1990(04)LCX0075 Eq 1990 (047) ELT 0500 (S.C.) - Noted [Para 16]
Departmental Clarification Quoted-
Ministry of Finance, D.O. Letter F.No. 137/39/2004-CX.4 dated 20-9-2004 [Paras 1,4,7,9,10,11,12,15,18,29,31,33,41, 43,46]

C.B.E. & C. Circular dated 23-9-2004 [Paras 27,30]
Advocated By -
S/Shri V.K. Mathur and Rishabh Sancheti, for the Appellant.
S/Shri Vikas Balia and Tribhuvan Gupta, for the Respondent.
[Judgment per : N.P. Gupta, J.]. -
All these five appeals involve common question of law, being as to whether the circular issued by the Central Board of Excise & Customs dated 20-9-2004, as referred to in the order under appeal, governs the case of the respondent?


2. Appeals no. 26/2007, 70/2006, 3/2007, and 74/2006 were admitted on different dates, by framing substantial question of law, may be differently worded but purportedly to cover this controversy. However, appeal No. 54/2007 was admitted on 23-10-2007, without framing any substantial question of law. However, in view of the above, the said question is hereby framed in this Appeal No. 54/2007 also.


3. The facts in all the five appeals are different, as they are different assessees, carrying on different types of business, did not get registration as required by the relevant chapter, introduced by the Finance Act, 1994, relating to imposition of Service Tax, hereafter referred to as the "Service Tax Act", arid notices were issued. Thereupon adjudication of liability of amount of tax and penalty was made. The matter was carried in appeal, and then the matter was finally carried to the Tribunal.


4. The learned Tribunal passed different orders, holding, that the Government of India Ministry of Finance, vide D.O. Letter dated 20-9-2004, framed an Amnesty Scheme, and according to that scheme, found the assessee to be entitled to the benefit of Scheme, and thus the penalty imposed was set aside. However, in some cases where the penalty to the extent of 25%, which was deposited by the assessee, was maintained, and rest was set aside. The same learned Member passed this type of orders in the matters arising out of Appeal No. 26/2007, 70/2006, and 3/2007, while another Member Shri C.N.B. Nair found the case to be covered by earlier judgment of the Tribunal, being C.C.E. Bhopal v. Bharat Security Services & Worker's Contractor reported in 2005 (188) ELT 454 = 2005(06)LCX0114 Eq 2006 (003) STR 0703 (T). Likewise, in the judgment forming subject matter of subsequent Appeal No. 54, the same learned Member, who passed the orders in appeal forming subject matter of Appeal Nos. 3, 70 and 26, passed the impugned order to the same effect, following the judgment in Bharat Security Services & Worker's case, and another judgment in Amit Kumar Maheshwari v. CCE reported in 2006 (002) STR 506.


5. Thus, in substance, the controversy is, as to whether the assessee is entitled to the benefit of Amnesty Scheme, or not?


6. The necessary facts in this regard are, that admittedly none of these assessees got themselves registered after promulgation of Amnesty Scheme, and during its subsistence, rather they were already registered, and the liability of tax, in some cases related to the period anterior to the registration, while in some cases it relates to the period subsequent to the registration, and its non-payment of tax timely has attracted penalties as above. It is also not in dispute, that in all matters, the requisite tax, interest etc. had already been paid, before expiry of the period provided in the aforesaid Amnesty Scheme, being 30th October, 2004.


7. We may gainfully reproduce the so called scheme. It may be observed, that the papers made available to us show, that as such there is no scheme, rather it is only a communication in the form of D.O. letter, from the Government of India, Ministry of Finance, Department of Revenue, Central Board of Excise and Customs, addressed to the Chief Commissioners, and encloses therewith certain proformas of application for registration, acknowledgment, and declaration. However, the benefits flow from the contents of the communication itself, and therefore, we may gainfully quote the communication dt. 20-9-2004, which reads as under :-

"D.O.F. No. 137/39/2004-CX.4 20th September 2004

My Dear Chief Commissioner,

Subject: Extra-ordinary taxpayer friendly scheme for instant registration of service providers.

Hon'ble Finance Minister has launched an extra-ordinary taxpayer friendly Scheme for registration of those service providers who have not got themselves registered so far. The details of the scheme are enclosed as annexure. This scheme aims to register all service providers on the basis of their declaration and who had earlier failed to register themselves with the department due to ignorance or any other reason with full waiver of penalty. This scheme is effective with immediate effect.

As per the scheme any service provider can make a declaration to the department with regards to his past liabilities towards the service tax and interest payable. Without any inquiry or questions, the departmental authorities will accept the declaration and on the spot give a registration to the service provider. Penal proceedings against the person approaching under this scheme will be completely waived off.

This scheme commences with immediate effect and will be operational only up-to 30th October 2004 and no extension will be allowed. You should publicise the scheme and organize sufficient numbers of camps to facilitate the service providers who wish to avail of the relaxations given under the scheme through out your jurisdiction. You should instruct your officers to be courteous and polite, they should not put any uncomfortable questions to the persons opting for the scheme.

You should mobilize all the resources available with you in a judicious manner, so that enough number of officers is available for implementing the scheme.

Since the scheme has been launched at the instance of Finance Minister you should give a very wide publicity in print media to the scheme in your areas through Banners, hoardings, press releases etc. Hon'ble Finance Minister has also sanctioned a sum of Rs. 20 lakhs for each zone to undertake the publicity work in relation to Service Tax. Since ministry has taken considerable pains in framing the scheme and also provided funds at your disposal to make the scheme a success, it expects excellent results from you and your officers. Gear up your machinery and make the scheme a success. Any failure in implementing the scheme at any level will be viewed very seriously.

With best wishes,

Yours sincerely
Sd/-
(S. Chandra)

Encl: as above

All Chief Commissioners of Central Excise.
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF COMMISSIONER (JZ) CENTRAL EXCISE
(JAIPUR' ZONE), JAIPUR

C.NO. CCO (JZ) ST/38/2004 DATE : 20-9-2004

Copy Forwarded to the Commissioner, Central Excise, Jaipur-I and Jaipur-II for information and necessary action.

Sd/-
Deputy Commissioner (CCO)
Speed Post

Central Excise Commissioner, Jaipur-II

C.No. V (ST)30/37/JP-II/04/2119-23 Dt. 21-9-04

Copy forwarded to the Deputy Comm/Asstt. Comm. C. Ex. Div. Ajmer, Bhilwara, Chittorgarh, Jodhpur & Udaipur for information with regards to send weekly report for every Monday positively.

Sd/-
21/9/04
Asstt. Comm. (ST)

**************

137/39/2004-CX.4

Annexure

Form of Declaration

To,
The Designated Authority:

Sir,

I hereby make the declaration for being registered in terms of Section 69 of the Finance Act, 1994 (32 of 1994).

1. Name : ……………………………
2. Address of the business premises : …………………
3. Date of Commencement of Business: ……………………….
4. Taxable Services : ……………………………….
5. Date from which service tax is payable: ………………………

Turnover of the services since the date when service tax became payable :
Financial Year Turnover of taxable services rendered Service Tax payable Interest payable, if any






6. The declaration with regards to the Service tax and interest payable given above is correct and true to the best of my knowledge.
7. Along with this declaration I am enclosing the details in Form ST 1 for being registered with Service tax department.
8. Signature : ………………………………
9. Place : …………………………………..
10. Date : ………………………………..

Notes :
(a) The service tax is payable @ 5% upto 14th May 2003, 8% for period between 14th May 2003 and 10th September 2004 and 10% for period after 10th September 2004.
(b) For period after 10th September 2004, education cess @ 2% of Service Tax payable is also to be paid.
(c) Interest is payable @ 24% upto 11th May 2002, 15% for period between 11th May 2002 and 10th September 2004 and 18% for period after 10th September 2004.
(d) In case where services have become taxable from date in middle of Financial Year indicate turnover from that date.
________________________________________
________________________________________

Acknowledgement

To,
____________
____________
____________

Sir,

Your declaration dated has been received. Your registration number in form ST2 is enclosed.

You should deposit the amount of Service Tax and interest as indicated by above within seven days and report compliance.

Encl: Form ST-2

Signature of the Officer receiving the declaration

Place :
Date:

*****************

FORM ST-1

Application for registration under section 60 of the Finance Act 1994 (32 of 1994)
1. Name of the assessee :
2. Address of the assessee :
2A. PAN Number :
3. Address of the premises to be registered :
4. Category of the service :
5. Tax/telex and phone number :
6. Form of organization (individual/company/partnership, etc.) :
7. Additional Information required in the case of stock-broker :
(a) Name of the member, with code No. :
(b) Name of stock exchange registered with :
(c) Date of admission of membership :
(d) Whether member of more than one stock exchange. If so, please give name of the stock exchange with code numbers :
(e) Registration number allotted by securities and Exchange Board of India (copy of certificate) registration may be en¬closed or a copy of application for registration with SEBI may be enclosed :
8. I/We ______________ agree to abide by all the provisions of Service Tax Rules, 1994 and any order issued thereunder.
9. I/We ___________ declare to the best of my/our knowledge and belief that the information furnished herewith is true and com¬plete.




Place :
Date:

Signature of assessee or his authorised representative.

*****************

F.No. 137/39/2004-CX.4
Government of India
Ministry of Finance
Department of Revenue
Central Board of Excise and Customs
New Delhi, the 22nd September, 2004

To
All Chief Commissioners of Central Excise.

Subject: Extraordinary taxpayer friendly scheme for registration of service providers.

I am directed to refer to the D.O. of even number dated 20th September, 2004 on the above mentioned subject. D.G.(ST) has pointed out some error in the annexed "declaration form". The revised declaration forms are enclosed herewith for necessary action at your end.

Yours faithfully
Sd/-
(Sanjiv Srivastava)
Deputy Secretary (CX.4)
Encls : As above

Office of the Chief Commissioners
Central Excise (JZ) Jaipur
CN CCO(JZ) ST/38/2004 3701 Date : 23-9-2004

Copy forwarded to the Commissioner Central Excise, Jaipur-I and Jaipur-II in continuation to this office endorsement of even No. NIL dated 20-9-2004 for information and necessary action please.

Sd/-
Deputy Commissioner (CCO)

Central Excise Commissionerate, Jaipur-II
C.No. V(ST) 30/37/JP-II/04 Dated: 24-9-04

Copy forwarded to the Deputy/Asstt. Commissioner, Central Excise Division, Ajmer/Bhilwara/Chittorgarh/Jodhpur/Udaipur for information & necessary action.

Sd/
24-9-04
Asstt. Commmr.(ST)

*****************

Annexure
Form of Declaration

To,

The Designated Authority :
__________________

Sir,

I hereby make the declaration for being registered in terms of Section 69 of the Finance Act, 1994 (32 of 1994).
1. Name :
2. Address of the business premises :
3. Date of Commencement of Business :
4. Taxable Services :
5. Date from which service tax is payable :

Turnover of the services since the date when service tax became payable :
Financial Year Turn over of taxable services rendered Service Tax payable Interest payable, if any






6. The declaration with regards to the Service tax and interest payable given above is correct and true to the best of my knowledge.
7. Along-with this declaration I am enclosing the details in form ST 1 for being registered with Service Tax department.
8. Signature : _____________________________
9. Place : ______________
10. Date : ____________________________

Notes:
(a) The service tax is payable @ 5% up to 14th May 2003, 8% for period from 14th May 2003 and upto 9th September 2004 and 10% from 10th September 2004.
(b) For period from 10th September 2004, education cess @ 2% of Service Tax payable is also to be paid.
(c) Interest is payable @ 24% up to 11th May 2002,15% for period from 11th May 2002 and up-to 9th September 2004 and 13% from 10th September 2004.
(d) In case were services have become taxable from date in middle of Financial Year indicate turnover from that date.

Acknowledgement

To,

Sir,
Your declaration dated _________ has been received. Your registration number in form ST2 is enclosed.

You should deposit the amount of Service Tax and interest as indicated by above within seven days and report compliance.

Encl: Form ST-2

Signature of the Officer receiving the declaration

Place :
Date :
****************


8. Firstly the question is, as to whether this scheme has a statutory force, so as to term it as a taxing statute. Learned counsel for the Revenue drew our attention to the provisions of Section 83 of the Service Tax Act, whereby provisions of Section 37B of the Central Excise Act, 1944 have been made applicable, and contended, that this circular has been issued in accordance with Section 37B of the Central Excise Act. Section 37B of the Central Excise Act reads as under :-

"37B. Instructions to Central Excise Officers. - The Central Board of Excise and Customs constituted under the Central Boards of Revenue Act, 1963 (54 of 1963), may, if it considers it necessary or expedient so to do for the purposes of uniformity in the classification of excisable goods or with respect to levy of duties of excise on such goods, issue such orders, instructions and directions to the Central Excise Officers as it may deem fit, and such officers and all other persons employed in the execution of this act shall observe and follow such orders, instructions and directions of the said Board :

Provided that no such orders, instructions or directions shall be issued -

(a) so as to require any Central Excise Officer to make a particular assessment or to dispose of a particular case in a particular manner; or
(b) so as to interfere with the discretion of the Commissioner of Central Excise (Appeals), in the exercise of his appellate functions."


9. If the aforesaid scheme, or the communication dated 20-9-2004 is read in conjunction with Section 37B, it is clear that it is not covered by Section 37B. The communication emanates from the Hon'ble Finance Minister, who has launched extraordinary taxpayer friendly scheme, while Section 37B does not envisage in launching of any such scheme, rather it comprehends powers of the Board (Central Board of Excise and Customs) wherever it considers it necessary or expedient so to do, for the purposes of uniformity in the classification of excisable goods, or with respect to levy of duties of excise on such goods, issue such orders, instructions and directions. In addressing communication dated 20-9-2004 the Central Excise Board has not even purported to consider any expediency or necessity, for the purpose of uniformity with respect to levy of duties of excise on such goods, to issue such orders, instructions and directions. Simply because the desire of the Hon'ble Finance Minister is published through conduit pipe of the Central Excise Board, it does not have the effect of clothing it with statutory powers, or to attach to it statutory efficacy available consequent upon Section 37 and Section 37B. Thus, in our view, it cannot be said to be statutory notification, issued in exercise of powers under Section 37B.


10. Then, the question is, as to what is the nature of this communication, and the obvious answer is, that it is only an administrative instruction, issued by the Hon'ble Finance Minister, purportedly, to provide benefit to the persons, who earlier failed to register themselves with the department, and in substance is intended to cast the net of service tax wider and wider, and in order to augment the revenue the concessions provided in the communication were sought to be thrown open. Obviously, therefore, the communication has to be read, interpreted, understood, and appreciated, with this spirit, viz. to provide benefit to the defaulters on the one hand, and to cast the net of service tax wider and wider, so also to augment the revenue, on the other hand.


11. With this preface, it may also be noticed, that the term "Scheme" as such has very many parameters to be complied with, while in the present case the communication simply conveys launching of some extra-ordinary tax-payer friendly scheme, and no such scheme has seen the light of the day, except this communication, which only encloses therewith certain proformas. As such it cannot be said to be any "Scheme", in true sense of the term.


12. With this background it may be noticed here, that this communication dated 20-9-2004 had been subject matter of adjudication by various Tribunals, in umpteen number of cases. Before going through those cases, we think it appropriate to first deal with the cases cited by the learned counsel for the Revenue, basically about principles of interpretation.


13. The first judgment cited is the case of The Commissioner of Sales Tax, U.P., Lucknow v. Parson Tools and Plants, Kanpur reported in AIR 1975 SC 1039, and learned counsel referred to para 22 onwards. In this case, the question was, that an appeal was filed before the Dy. Commissioner which was dismissed in default. Then application for restoration thereof was filed, which remained pending for quite some time. In the meantime, the provision authorising dismissal of appeal in default was struck down. Obviously therefore, the original dismissal was treated to be dismissal on merits, and then against that order, revision was filed. Limitation for revision was one year, which, on showing sufficient cause, could be extended for another six months, while the revision was filed after more than 18 months, and the period of time spent in prosecuting the restoration application was sought to be excluded under Section 14 of the Limitation Act, or on its analogy. In that fact situation, the Hon'ble Supreme Court, by referring to various previous judgments of Privy Council etc., based on Section 37(5) of the Arbitration Act, held, that where upper time limit has been prescribed, and sufficient cause is shown, delay can be condoned, in the maximum, only up to a specified time limit, and the analogy of Section 14(2) cannot be imported, apart from the fact, that Section 14, as such, is not applicable, as the authorities under the taxation statutes are not courts, but are administrative authorities. In our view, on principle there is no dispute about this legal proposition.


14. The next case relied upon is, in Bharti Telecom Ltd. v. The Commissioner of Customs, reported in 2001(11)LCX0012 Eq 2001 (134) ELT 0327 (S.C.) = AIR 2002 SC 74. In this case, there was an amnesty scheme, wherein where the assessee had wrongly availed the credit of MODVAT on inputs, and availed the duty free clearance of the goods, claiming exemption under Notification No. 203/92, under the Value Based Advance Licence, in cases, where the assessee was not entitled to avail MODVAT credit, he was required to reverse it, and to pay interest, and other consequences were to flow, for that, an amnesty scheme was floated, requiring interest to be deposited for the period between the date of export and date of reversal, which interest was required to be deposited by 31-1-1997. In that case, the amount was deposited on 7-2-1997 only. In that background, interpreting the scheme, it was held, that such scheme or exemption notification have to be strictly construed, and that the provision in the notification, for deposit of interest by the specified date, has to be interpreted strictly, in the manner stated in the notification, and on no other basis. It was held, that it is well settled, that in taxing statute there is no room for any intendment, and regard must be had to the clear meaning of the words, and that, the matter should be governed only by the language of the notification.


15. In our view, so far as the provision of deposit, under the communication dt. 20-9-2004 is concerned, being 30-10-2004, there is no dispute, that it is required to be strictly construed, and in all the cases in hand, admittedly, the amount has been deposited before the said date, as obviously if the amount had not been deposited, the assessee would not have been entitled to any benefit of this communication. There is also no dispute about the proposition, that in taxing statute there is no room for any intendment, and regard must be had to the clear meaning of the words, and that the matter should be governed only by the language of the notification. The difficulty is, that this communication dt. 20-9-2004 is neither notification, nor a taxing statute, rather as held above, it is only an administrative instruction, granting benefits and reliefs, in an attempt to cast service tax net wider and wider, and to augment the revenue.


16. The next judgment relied upon is, in Union of India & Ors. v. Wood Papers Ltd. reported in 1990 (047) ELT 500. (S.C.) = (1990) 4 SCC 256. In this case also, it has been held, that exemption notification has to be read as a whole, and is required to be considered as a whole. There is no dispute about the legal proposition propounded therein.


17. The next case relied upon is in CIT, Delhi v. Modi Spinning and Weaving Mills Co. Ltd., reported in 1992 Suppl (1) SCC 32. This judgment in our view, is a judgment on its own facts, and is of no assistance to either side.


18. Now we take up the cases cited on either side, which have considered this communication dt. 20-9-2004. Of course, we have not been made available the copy of judgment in Amit Kumar Maheshwari's case. However, the learned counsel for the assessee first relied upon the judgment in C.C.E., Bhopal v. Bharat Security Services & Worker reported in 2005(06)LCX0114 Eq 2006 (003) STR 0703 (T) = 2005 (188) ELT 454. This is a judgment rendered by Shri S.S. Kang, the learned Single Member (Vice-President of the Principal Bench, New Delhi) and in that case, the orders in appeal had set aside the penalties imposed on assessee, as the assessee had paid service tax along with interest prior to 20-9-2004, by holding that Extraordinary Tax Payer Friendly Scheme was circulated vide letter dt. 23-9-2004, whereunder any service provider, who got registered up to 30-10-2004, are not liable for any penal action and thus, in view of the immunity from penal action, no penalty could be imposed on the assessee, as they had paid service tax prior to 30-10-2004. A contention was raised therein, that the assessee was already registered prior to the floating of the scheme and, therefore, are not entitled to benefit of scheme, and it was held, that the service provider who got registered, and paid service tax, during Extra-ordinary Tax Payer Friendly Scheme up to 30-10-2004, are not liable to pay any penalty, therefore, no infirmity was found in the order of the Commissioner, as the assessee had paid service tax prior to 30-10-2004, they are not liable to any penalty. This judgment is dated 13-6-2005 (28-4-2005).


19. Then the learned counsel placed reliance on a judgment rendered by a learned Single Member M.V. Ravindran dt. 5-12-2006, rendered in Appeal No. 312/2006, which has been passed, following the judgment in Amit Kumar v. CCE, Jaipur-II, reported in 2006 (002) STR 506, and C.C.E., Bhopal v. Bharat Security Services & Worker's case. It would suffice to say, that Appeal No. 54/2007 in this bunch is filed against this very judgment dt. 5-12-2006.


20. The next judgment relied upon is Tele Tech Communication v. Commissioner of C. Ex. dt. 4-6-2007 [2007(06)LCX0076 Eq 2007 (007) STR 0695 (T)], rendered by learned Single Member, Shri C.N.B. Nair, reported in MANU/CE/8215/2007. In that case, the Tribunal had found, that the scheme makes it clear, that service providers were welcome to avail of the scheme, irrespective of whether proceedings have been initiated or not. In that view of the matter, the assessee was held entitled to the benefit of exemption from penalty. In that case, the assessee had applied for registration only after being served with a notice.


21. Then the next case relied upon is the order of the Tribunal West Zonal Bench, Mumbai dt. 17-10-2006 in Laxmichand Dharshi v. Commissioner of C. Ex., rendered by the learned Single Member Shri K.K. Agarwal, reported in 2006(10)LCX0114 Eq 2007 (005) STR 0128 (T) = MANU/CM/7027/2006. In that case also, the facts were, that the assessee did not pay tax, nor did file return, for the period 1-10-2002 to 30-4-2003, and deposited the tax and interest on 10-2-2004. Penalty was defended on the ground of delay being unintentional. However, when the matter went to the Tribunal, relying on the judgment in Bharat Security Services & Worker's case, it was held, that there has been a delay on the part of the assessee in paying the service tax. However, taking into consideration the Tax Payer Friendly Scheme, introduced by the Government, and the Tribunal decision in the case of Bharat Security Services & Worker's case, the penalties were set aside.


22. The next judgment relied upon is again of Tribunal West Zonal Bench, Mumbai dt. 4-9-2006 rendered by the learned Member, Archana Wadhwa in A.R. Sandeep C. Sikchi v. Commissioner of Central Excise, reported in 2006(09)LCX0148 Eq 2006 (004) STR 0587 (T) = MANU/CM/0353/2006. In this case also, the amount of service tax for the period October 1998 to March 2003 stood paid on 26-7-2003, show cause notice was issued for penalty on 6-12-2004, which was dropped. In appeal the Commissioner imposed the penalty, and the Tribunal in further appeal, relying upon the judgment in Bharat Security Services & Worker's case held, that the assessee had admittedly paid the tax, and had themselves got registered prior to 31-10-2004, there is no justification for enhancement of penalty imposed on the assessee. Thus the penalty was set aside.


23. The next case relied is again of Tribunal West Zonal Bench, Mumbai dt. 28-5-2007, in Arc. Dinesh Burad v. Commissioner of Central Excise and Customs, rendered by learned Member, M.V. Ravindran reported in 2007(05)LCX0407 Eq 2008 (011) STR 0250 (T) = (2008) 12 STT 47. In this case, the assessee failed to pay service tax from October 2001 to March 2003, and had paid the entire amount of service tax by 1-3- 2004. The adjudicating authority imposed penalty of Rs. 500/-, the Commissioner enhanced the penalty. In further appeal to the Tribunal, the Tribunal found, that the Central Government of India came out with the Extraordinary Tax Payer Friendly Scheme, for those persons who were not registered and were not paying service tax. The said scheme operated on the basis, that any person who has not registered but gets himself registered and discharged service tax liability and interest before 30-10-2004, no penal provision could be invoked against such assessee. Then also proceeded to rely upon Bharat Security Services & Worker's case, and penalty was set aside.


24. The next case relied upon is again of Tribunal West Zonal Bench, Mumbai dt. 27-6-2008, rendered by the same learned Member, in Commissioner of Central Excise v. R.S. Vora, reported in MANU/CM/0334/2008, where again relying upon the judgment in Bharat Security Services & Worker's case, the revenue's appeal was dismissed.


25. The next case relied upon is of Tribunal West Regional Bench, Ahmedabad dt. 23-3-2007, in Care Electronics Ltd. v. Commissioner of C. Ex., rendered by the learned Member, Archana Wadhwa, reported in 2007 (007) STR 273. In this case, the tax for the period 1-7-2003 to 30-4-2004 was not paid. However, on detection by Revenue the same was deposited on 6-8-2004, along with interest, and the learned Tribunal, relying on the judgment in Bharat Security Services & Worker's case held, that no penalty is imposable on the assessee, and the penalty was set aside.


26. The next judgment relied upon is of Principal Bench Delhi dt. 14-2-2006, in CCE v. Shri Kamlesh Kumar Agarwal, Prop, of Mamta Travels, reported in 2006 (004) STR 205, rendered by the learned Member, Shri M.V. Ravindran. In this case, the Commissioner had set aside the penalty by holding as under :-

"As regards the imposition of various penalties under the different Sections quoted above for violation of the relevant provisions, I find that there are catena of decisions of various appellate for a to the effect that in the initial stages of introduction of this public oriented wide spread new levy, many of new assessees being ignorant, such procedural delays in taking up of registration and consequent filing of the returns etc. a lenient view can be taken. This was precisely the reason as to why many new Voluntary Disclosure schemes for voluntary compliance like Extra Ordinary Tax Payer Friendly Scheme declared under Board's F.No. 137/39/2004-Cx.4 dated 23-9-04 to be operational upto 30-10-04 in respect of the assessees who had not at all. complied with the provisions of Service Tax Law had been launched waiving the various penalties under the aforesaid Sections 75A, 76 & 77 etc. When the assessees who did not at all comply with the ST. Law can be given immunity provided they pay the Service Tax along with appropriate rate of interest, there is no tangible and logical reason as to why the law abiding assessee who had got himself registered more or less in time and had also started paying the Service tax along with interest, much before the new scheme became operational, should be denied the benefit of waiver of the penal provisions referred to above for late registration, delay in filing of relevant returns etc. all of which are procedural in nature. In view of my aforesaid findings, I am inclined to waive the penalties imposed on the said party."


27. And thus the finding was upheld by the learned Tribunal, in view of the aforesaid circular dt. 23-9-2004.


28. Then the next judgment relied upon is dt. 18-1-2006, of the Principal Bench, New Delhi rendered by the same learned Member, M.V. Ravindran in Commissioner of C. Ex. v. R.K. Electronics Cable Network reported in 2006 (002) STR 153, wherein also the Commissioner had practically recorded identical finding, as recorded in Kamlesh Kumar's case, and learned Tribunal relying upon the judgment in Bharat Security Services & Worker's case upheld that order.


29. The last case relied upon is judgment dt. 29-2-2008, rendered by West Zonal Bench at Ahmedabad, in jay Security Services v. Commissioner of Customs, C. Ex. and Service Tax, reported in 2008 (010) STR 602, rendered by the learned Member Archana Wadhwa. In that case, the period involved was April 1999 to March 2004. The assessee was registered with the department on 29-9-2003, and the penalty was defended on the ground, that assessee was not aware of the leviability of service tax upon him. Then in appeal reliance was placed on scheme floated by communication dt. 20-9-2004, and contended, that admittedly, assessee has paid tax before 30-10-2004, while the counsel for the Revenue argued, that the assessee was registered with effect from 29-9-2003, and as such the provisions of this scheme would not apply, and reliance was placed on CCE. Bhopal v. Mankodi Enterprises, reported in 2006 (002) STR 150, and Pankaj Oil Trading Corporation v. CCE, Ahmedabad, reported in 2007 (006) STR 44, and the learned Tribunal found, that both these cases related to payment of service tax after registration, whereas in the present case, the dispute is, as regards the service tax prior to the period of registration. As such, the ratio of the law as declared in both the cases is not applicable. Then relying upon Bharat Security Services & Worker's case, it was held, that assessee is entitled to the benefit of the said scheme, if the service tax for the past period stands paid by him by 30-10-2004. It was also noticed, that Bharat Security Services & Worker's case has been followed by the Tribunal in the case of Soldiers Indus. Security Agencies v. CCE, Nasik, reported in 2007 (007) STR 283.


30. Now we may refer to the two judgments, in Mankodi Enterprises' case and Pankaj Oil Trading Corporation's case, which have been relied upon by the learned counsel for the Revenue, and as noticed, had been cited on behalf of Revenue in Jai Securities Services' case. In Mankodi Enterprises' case the assessee was liable to pay tax from 1-9-1999 onwards. The assessee took registration of service tax in October 2003, show cause notice was issued demanding service tax and penalty, which was adjudicated by the Dy. Commissioner, Central Excise, who demanded service tax and imposed various penalties, the levy of service tax was upheld, but the penalties imposed under Section 75A, 76, 77 and 78 were dropped, on the ground of circular dt. 23-9-2004. It was argued by the Revenue, that the assessee was required to take out service tax registration from 1999, and was required to file service tax return, and pay the service tax regularly, but the assessee has not paid tax till October 2003, and when the department asked the assessee to pay tax, then they took registration and paid service tax, and submitted the return in October 2003, and that the tax was paid by them only after adjudication of the proceedings, therefore, they are not covered by the voluntary disclosure scheme. On the other hand, reliance was placed on the said circular. The learned Tribunal noticed, that the Commissioner had dropped the penalty, on the ground, that under the said circular, when the assessee, who did not at all comply with the service tax law, can be given immunity, provided they pay service tax with appropriate rate of interest, and there is no tangible and logical reason as to why the law abiding assessee, who had got himself registered more or less in time, and had also started paying the service tax in time, much before the new scheme became operational, should be denied the benefit of waiver of penalty. The learned Tribunal found, that the circular was only with respect to those service providers, who had earlier failed to register themselves due to ignorance or for any other reason, and who came forward and paid the past liability within the period prescribed under this circular. It was found, that this circular was not applicable for those persons, who had already taken registration, or were paying service tax. Thus, the order waiving penalty, on the basis of circular was set aside. It is a different story, that ultimately in the order, the learned Tribunal modified the penalty, and reduced to a total amount of Rs. 17,500/-.


31. Then in Pankaj Oil Trading Corporation's case, which is a judgment dt. 20-11-2006, did consider the judgment in Bharat Security Services & Worker's case, and Mankodi Enterprises' case as well. In that case the assessee had received commission for the period from 1-9-2000 to 31-6-2001 and 1-7-2001 to 31-12-2001, and was liable to pay service tax, and even after obtaining registration, service tax was not paid in its entirety, and did not file any service tax return. The Assistant Commissioner found, that the assessee failed to disclose the value of taxable service, and suppressed it, and thereby evaded the service tax, by not filing the returns. Then, the tax liability, after adjusting the amount already paid, was adjudicated, and penalty was imposed. The Appellate Commissioner reduced the penalties. Then, before the learned Tribunal, the assessee relied upon the Amnesty scheme, and also relied upon the judgment of learned Single Member Bench, in CCE, Bhopal v. Industrial Army reported in 2006 (003) STR 526, where the penalties were set aside, on the ground that "there was no tangible and logical reason as to why the law abiding assessee who had got himself registered more or less in time and had also started paving the service tax along with interest, much before the new scheme became operational, should be denied the benefit of waiver of the penal provisions referred to above for late registration". Likewise the judgment in Amit Kumar Maheshwari's case and Bharat Security Services & Worker's case were also relied upon, while the Revenue relied upon the judgment in Mankodi Enterprises, and the learned Tribunal, in that case, in para-7 found, that the scheme was only in respect of service provider, who had earlier failed to get themselves registered, due to ignorance, or for any other reason, and who came forward and paid past liability within the prescribed period in the circular. Therefore, it was not found to be applicable to the persons who have already taken registration, or were paying service tax. It was also found, that it is evident from the wordings of the scheme, as announced under the circular dt. 20-9-2004, that it was intended only for instant registration of service providers, who could make declaration to the department, with regard to past liabilities towards the service tax and interest payable. Then, the case was considered on merits, and the liability was upheld.


32. At this place we may observe, that these two cases in Mankodi Enterprises and Pankaj Oil Trading Corporation are not the cases regarding the payment of service tax after registration, as assumed by the learned Member in Jay Security Services' case, for distinguishing these two judgments. Be that as it may. The fact also does remain, that in Jay Security's case, the amount did involve the amount for the period, which included the period after registration, inasmuch as the period involved was April, 1999 to March, 2004, while the assessee was registered on 29-9-2003. Thus, in a way the judgment in jay Security Services' case is required to be considered to take a view, that even in cases where the amount relates to period prior to registration or subsequent to registration, the scheme does apply.


33. These are the only cases brought to our notice on either side. We make it clear that, no judgment of any High Court, or the Hon'ble Supreme Court, has been cited on either side, which may have taken into consideration the Amnesty Scheme, circulated vide this communication dt. 20-9-2004.


34. In our view, thus, the majority of the judgments do take the view, that the benefit of the scheme is available to the assessees, who were already registered though belatedly, and had deposited the entire amount of tax and interest, before the cut off date, prescribed in the scheme being 30-10-2004.


35. We feel constrained to consider the norms of judicial propriety, repeatedly laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court, in the matter of taking different views by the coordinate Benches, and the requirement of referring the matter to the Larger Bench, if a different view is sought to be taken.


36. If all the judgments mentioned above are considered on that basis, it is clear, that all the judgments have been rendered by the different learned Single Member of the different Benches, and so far Principal Bench of New Delhi is concerned, there also a view, different from the view taken in Mankodi Enterprises and Pankaj Oil Trading Corporation's cases has been taken.


37. Significantly the first judgment is in Bharat Security Services & Worker's case, which is rendered by the Principal Bench at Delhi, and is judgment dt. 13-6-2005, while the judgment in Mankodi Enterprises's case is also of the Principal Bench, New Delhi dt. 6-12-2005, and does not take notice of the judgment rendered by the learned Vice-President on 13-6-2005 in Bharat Security Services & Worker's case. Then, all other judgments cited on behalf of the assessee are subsequent judgments. Pankaj Oil Trading Corporation's case of course does consider the previous judgments, but then, the learned Member has taken upon himself the task of taking a different view, without adhering to the requirement of judicial propriety, of referring the matter to Larger Bench.


38. This leaves us to consider, as to whether we should countenance the view taken in Pankaj Oil Trading Corporation's case and Mankodi Enterprises's case, or the view taken in all other cases. This is one aspect of the matter.


39. The other equally important aspect of the matter is, that admittedly, the Revenue, in all, or even in any of the matters, which judgments have been referred to and relied upon by the learned counsel for the assessee, except that Bohra Pratisthan's case [2006(12)LCX0267 Eq 2007 (008) STR 0278 (Tribunal)], which under appeal before this Court, has not challenged further. We are aware of the judgment of the Hon'ble Supreme Court in C.K. Gangadharan's case [2008(07)LCX0024 Eq 2008 (228) ELT 0497 (S.C.)], which has also been relied upon by the learned counsel for the Revenue, but then, in that case the Hon'ble Supreme Court has held, that merely because in some cases the Revenue has not preferred appeal, that does not operate as a bar, for the Revenue to prefer an appeal in another case, where there is just cause for doing so, or it is in public interest to do so, or divergent views are expressed by the Tribunals or the High Courts.
(Emphasis supplied)


40. To say the least, the present situation, in view of the things discussed above, does not fall, within any of the exception laid down by the Hon'ble Supreme Court in para-13 of the judgment in C.K. Gangadharan's case, and therefore, it has to be taken into account, that it is the consistently established legal position, laid down by various Tribunals of the country, that in such cases, where the assessee is registered, even before the commencement of the Amnesty Scheme, and has paid all dues of tax and interest, before the cut-off date given in the scheme, being 30-10-2004, would be entitled to the benefit of the Amnesty Scheme. And therefore there is no occasion for this Court to unsettle the settled position, and now give rise to upheaval, to generate litigation, even in the matters, which stand closed. This is second aspect of the matter.


41. Still most important aspect of the matter is, that even if we were to consider the matter on merits, as held above, the communication dt. 20-9-2004 is only an administrative instruction, issued for the benefit of the service providers, who volunteered to get themselves registered, and discharged all their liabilities of tax and interest, up to the cut-off date, by providing immunity from penalty. This is beneficial part of the instruction for the service providers, while it is sought to be beneficial to the State, i.e. the Revenue, viz. it is intended to cast the net of the service tax wider and wider, and to augment the revenue. Thus, the instructions are calculated with the motive to benefit both sides, the service provider as well as the Revenue, and as such is not a taxing statute. Therefore, it is required to be implemented in the manner, which is not discriminatory, and which is reasonable, obviously to both the parties.


42. If considered from that stand point, we find ourselves to be leaning towards the interpretation, that when the person who has not got registered till issuance of the communication, if is intended to be given the benefit of immunity from penalty, the person who has already got himself registered, and is in the default of payment of interest or tax, cannot be denied the immunity from penalty, provided of course, he strictly complies with the requirement of the communication, with regard to deposit of the amount, positively before the cut-off date.


43. It is required to be grasped, that the communication is of 20-9-2004. In some judgments it has been referred to as 22-9-2004, while in some judgments it has been referred to as 23-9-2004. There may be a controversy, as to what is the starting point of the scheme, i.e. 20-9-2004 or 23-9-2004, or from the date the person concerned comes to know of it. The significance of this confusion is, that if the interpretation sought to be projected by the Revenue is taken, and if it is considered that the Scheme commenced on 23-9-2004, then even the person, who may have got himself registered on 21-9-2004, and happened to be defaulter, will have to be denied the benefit of immunity, or even the person who got himself registered on 22-9-2004, and is a defaulter will have to be denied the benefit of immunity, while on the other hand if it is taken to have commenced on 20-9-2004, then such person will get the benefit of immunity. Thus, the person even without knowing of the scheme, may have got himself registered on 21-9-2004, and would be in dilemma as to whether he is to get benefit of the immunity or not, such interpretation cannot be put on the Amnesty Scheme. Obviously the communication dt. 20-9-2004 does not prescribe the precise starting point of time of the scheme.


44. Carrying the things further logically, if the scheme is taken to have commenced on 20-9-2004, then if the benefit is available to the person who gets himself registered on 20-9-2004, despite being defaulter for any length of time, the benefit cannot be denied to a person who may be merely technically defaulter, and who in good sense, thought it proper to get himself registered on 19-9-2004 itself, and did not allow his default to continue for one more day. The interpretation sought to be projected by the Revenue, does not thus stand the scrutiny. On the other hand, a proper reading of the communication does only show, that it is intended to provide immunity to the defaulters, who choose to deposit the arrears of tax and interest by the cut-off date, and obviously, since for payment or deposit of the amount, the formalities of registration and declaration are necessary, the forms have been enclosed with the communication, and it has been directed, that the declaration would be accepted, and they would be given spot registration without any sort of questions. Much of the stress laid on the requirement of submitting declaration cannot be accepted, for the simple reason, that as observed above, the forms are prescribed under the relevant Rules of Service Tax itself; the Application Form being ST-1, Acknowledgment also forming part of the same form. So far declaration proforma is concerned, if it were to be read, would show, that it is only in the nature of forwarding letter of the application for registration, and nothing beyond that. Thus all that this so called scheme means is, that even if a person comes forward to apply for registration, and pays all arrears of tax and interest, before the cut-off date, he is conferred immunity from any sort of penalty. In that view of the matter, it cannot be said, that the immunity should be denied to the person who has already got himself registered.


45. Then, in the first para it is clearly mentioned that the scheme aims to register all service providers on the basis of declaration, and with this, with a conjunctive word "and who had earlier failed to register themselves". This "having earlier failed to register" cannot be confined to mean earlier to 20-9-2004, or 23-9-2004, but is required to mean, or construed to mean, "who failed to register at appropriate time as required by the Service Tax Act".


46. Thus, considering the matter from any aspect whatever, as discussed above, in our view, the view taken in Mankodi Enterprises, and Pankaj Oil Trading Corporation's case cannot be accepted, and the view taken in all other cases is required to be accepted. It is required to be held, that the benefit of the circular dt. 20-9-2004, does very much cover the case of the present assessees, as well.


47. The question as framed is accordingly answered against the Revenue, and in favour of the assessee. The appeals are dismissed. However, with the clarification, that if the amount of penalty to the extent of 25%, has been deposited by any of the assessees in these five appeals, then that amount of penalty need not be refunded to them.


Equivalent 2009 (233) ELT 0311 (Raj.)
Equivalent 2009 (013) STR 0119 (Raj.)
Equivalent 2009 (090) RLT 0761 (Raj.)

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